Research on the Development Strategy of New Materials for Emerging and Future Industries

Author:

Zhao Hongbin, Zhou Qigang, Li Zhihui, Li Tengfei, Tu Hailing

Release time:

2024-07-12

Source:

Research on New Material Development Strategy for Emerging and Future Industries [J]. Engineering Science in China, 2024,26(1):23-34.

Research on the Development Strategy of New Materials for Emerging and Future Industries

Original China Engineering Science chinese engineering science March 18, 2024 12:03 Beijing

This article is selected from the journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering "Chinese Engineering Science"2024Year No.1Period

Authors: Zhao Hongbin, Zhou Qigang, Li Zhihui, Li Tengfei, Tu Hailing

Source: Research on the development strategy of new materials for emerging industries and future industries[J].chinese engineering science,2024,26(1):23-34.

Editor's Note

New materials are the foundation of the development of emerging industries and future industries, an important field to seize the commanding heights of technological and economic development, and an important driving force for my country to promote new industrialization. The new material industry plays a fundamental and leading role in supporting the development of the national economy, ensuring national security, winning international competition and realizing the green development of industry.

The research team of Academician Tu Hailing of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering "Chinese Engineering Science"2024Year No.1He published an article entitled "Research on the Development Strategy of New Materials for Emerging and Future Industries. Facing the development needs of cutting-edge technology and emerging fields, this paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges faced by the development of new materials in the future industry, puts forward the key direction and development path of new materials for emerging industries and future industries, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions, in order to provide basic reference for China to build an independent, controllable, safe, reliable and competitive new material industry system.

1. Foreword

New materials refer to newly emerged materials with excellent performance and special functions, as well as materials with significantly improved performance or new functions after traditional material composition and process improvement. The new material industry plays a fundamental and leading role in supporting the development of the national economy, ensuring national security, winning international competition and realizing the green development of industry.At present, we should establish a safe, flexible and diversified new material industry system, ensure the leading position of new material manufacturing and innovation, get rid of excessive dependence on foreign countries, ensure national security and industrial competitiveness, explore and identify breakthrough and subversive new materials, and become the innovation leader of science and technology and industry is an important driving force for the continuous innovation and development of new materials.

The world's major developed countries and regions have formed distinctive new material advantage areas, and continue to strengthen the new material development strategy, and make every effort to enhance the new material research and development, industrialization and future-oriented international competitiveness. The United States only2022The National Strategy for Advanced Manufacturing, the new edition of the List of Key and Emerging Technologies, and the6GRoadmap: Building North America6GA number of measures and bills, such as the Foundation for Leadership and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Act, are designed to enhance the ability of the United States to innovate in new materials in various fields and“Manufacturing America”,“OPEN 2021”The research and development of cutting-edge and disruptive new materials such as new materials and nanomaterials for transformative clean energy technologies are carried out under the funding of projects such as the National Nanotechnology Program and the Additive Manufacturing Development Program of the United States. While strengthening strategic layout and technological research and development, the world's major developed economies continue to improve infrastructure construction, pay attention to personnel training, improve the legal system, and create a good industrial ecology; at the same time, the government is committed to strengthening policy support, research institutions to carry out research on basic theory of materials, enterprises to achieve the transformation of achievements, multi-party cooperation to jointly promote the development of new materials industry, and through the construction of industrial clusters, promote new materials enterprises to form the deep integration of innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain.

After years of innovation and development in China's new material industry, the overall supply of advanced basic materials has been stable, and economic benefits have been significantly improved; a series of major breakthroughs have been made in key strategic materials for major projects and high-end equipment, and key technologies have basically achieved independent protection; cutting-edge new materials have obtained a number of core technology patents, and some varieties have been mass-produced; the market competitiveness of new materials needed by national defense science and technology industry has been significantly enhanced. However, China's new materials industry still has problems such as dependence on imports of key raw materials, lack of self-sufficiency of high-end products, lack of application iteration of some key products, and imperfect standards and evaluation systems. It is necessary to continuously improve the resilience and safety level of the new materials industry chain and supply chain, drive systematic competitive advantages with scientific and technological innovation, and achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement through overall planning of high-quality development paths.

Facing the development needs of cutting-edge technology and emerging fields, this paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges faced by the development of new materials in the future industry, puts forward the key direction and development path of new materials for emerging industries and future industries, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions, in order to provide basic reference for China to build an independent, controllable, safe, reliable and competitive new material industry system.

2. Development Trend of New Materials for Emerging and Future Industries

The new generation of information technology represented by artificial intelligence, quantum information, mobile communications, Internet of Things, and blockchain has accelerated breakthroughs and applications, and life sciences represented by synthetic biology, gene editing, brain science, regenerative medicine, etc. New changes, advanced manufacturing technologies that integrate robots, digitalization, and new materials are accelerating the transformation of manufacturing to intelligent, service-oriented, and green.The continuous emergence of new material preparation, processing, and application technologies has provided a broader basis for innovation in the fields of information, life, manufacturing, energy, space, and oceans. The innovative development of the new material industry is becoming an impact on national strength and people's well-being. Strategic heights.On the whole, the development trend of new materials presents the following characteristics.

(I) information functional material innovation is an important engine of future scientific and technological revolution and industrial change

The new generation of information technology represented by artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, mobile Internet, etc. is going through a new stage of development. Quantum communication and quantum computing have become the focus of competition in the information field.The increasing number of communication terminals, the increasing trend of automotive electronics, the rising of smart homes, smart wearable devices and medical electronics, the increasing number of consumer entertainment electronics, the strong promotion of advanced manufacturing, the advent of the era of big data, and the rapid growth of demand for aviation and aerospace electronics, all of which will promote the sharp rise in demand for information functional materials and promote the rapid development of information functional materials.

With the development of silicon-based integrated circuit technology to the limit of Moore's Law, the combination of new semiconductor materials and silicon materials will help to break through the limit of silicon and better take into account the economic cost advantages of silicon-based integrated circuits. Silicon on insulator, silicon-based compound semiconductors, new phase change materials, resistive materials, spintronic materials, wide band gap silicon carbide, gallium nitride, ultra-wide band gap semiconductor gallium oxide, diamond, etc. are currently mature silicon-based integrated circuits and gallium arsenide-based semiconductor power devices An important supplement and future development direction. Carbon nanotubes will become a new type of semiconductor material with great potential in the post-Moore era, which can realize high-performance and medium-integration applications such as carbon-based sensing technology in the short term, and high-performance and high-integration applications such as carbon-based radio frequency electronics, special chips and even ultra-large-scale carbon-based digital integrated circuits in the long term.

Green production of (II) materials and disruptive technologies of new energy materials will become the key to achieving green and low-carbon development.

New energy technology, high-efficiency energy-saving technology, clean production technology and resource recycling technology have become a powerful driving force to break through the bottleneck of resources, energy and environment, promote the development of social economy and energy-saving and environmental protection industry, and realize green and low-carbon development.2020In 2002, the United Kingdom released the Ten-Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution: Better Rebuild, Support Green Industry and Accelerate Net Zero Emissions, and the European Union released Hydrogen-Powered Aviation:.2050The importance of low-carbon green development is emphasized in the annual Hydrogen Technology, Economy and Climate Impact.

Driven by the new energy revolution, new materials with potentially disruptive applications have emerged. Thermoelectric materials can achieve thermal energy ‒Clean energy materials for direct conversion of electric energy are key materials for forward-looking and strategic new energy technologies such as solar full-spectrum efficient power generation, industrial waste heat power generation, micro-thermoelectric power generation, and thermoelectric refrigeration. Organic‒Inorganic hybrid perovskite materials, as light-absorbing materials for solar cells, have broad application prospects in the field of ultra-thin and flexible energy because they consume less resources. Multi-electron system batteries have been applied to traditional lithium-ion batteries and other new secondary batteries. Lithium-air batteries (5217 W·h·kg^-1) and lithium-sulfur batteries (2567 W·h·kg^-1) Is expected to achieve better than current lithium-ion batteries (less500 W·h·kg^-1) High2~10Times of energy density breakthrough. With the development of new materials for storage and transportation of high-density gas fuel and the conversion of advanced biomass waste into energy, it is expected to break through the technical barriers to the deployment of gas fuel applications and effectively reduce the cost of medium and heavy gas fuel vehicles. The wind industry needs to continue to reduce costs through the development of new materials or multi-material solutions to reduce component weight, increase durability and improve mechanical performance, as well as new materials that are lighter, more durable and more recyclable to improve the sustainability of wind power equipment manufacturing.

Application of new (III) materials in biotechnology has become a hot spot of innovation

Biomedical materials, biomedicine, bio-based materials, and bio-agriculture are maturing, and bio-manufacturing, bio-energy, and bio-environmental protection are rapidly emerging.The average annual growth rate of the global bio-industry will be as high30%The average growth rate of the world economy.10Times. The integration of new materials and biotechnology will promote the biological manufacturing of therapeutic cells and molecules, chemicals, drugs, polymers and fuels, and promote the application of biotechnology in the fields of computing, signal processing and communication. For example, brain-computer interface is an important embodiment of science and technology changing human life. The fusion of materials science and systems biology, chemistry, genomics, bioreactor engineering, separation and purification can drive the production of cell-based small molecule therapeutics in biofactories and scale and diversify them to meet individual needs; it can also address the challenges associated with cell-free protein manufacturing by enhancing and expanding the platform for cell-free manufacturing to maintain the specific activity of multiple raw materials, production of enzyme biocatalysts, biosensors and vaccines, etc. Make full use of the micro-environment‒Cell‒New advances in research and development of phenotypic interactions and synthetic biology tools, developed in nano/Sensors, actuators, nanomaterials working on biological interfaces/Nanomachines, computational tools that regulate cellular responses. The application of new materials and nanotechnology in medicine has become an important trend in the development of diagnosis and treatment in the future. For example, fullerenes have made revolutionary innovations in tumor treatment, that is, carboxyl-modified gadolinium-based metal fullerene water-soluble nanoparticles can quickly kill tumor cells in mice with the assistance of radio frequency. The integration of biology and semiconductor technology faces important opportunities for the development of new biomaterials that can be used in devices and systems, as well as data storage times that exceed.100Years and more storage capacity than current storage technology1000The next generation of information storage technology.

(IV) new materials and technologies support the future development of deep space, deep sea, transportation and high-end equipment manufacturing

With the rapid development of information technology and Internet technology, as well as the application of new sensing technology and automation technology, advanced manufacturing technology is developing in the direction of intelligence. The support materials for the next generation of intelligent manufacturing equipment with sensing, analysis, reasoning, decision-making and control functions, which can achieve high efficiency, high quality, energy saving, environmental protection and safe and reliable production, will be the urgent need for the development of the material industry in the future.The demand for materials in the civil aviation industry is imminent. In the context of the development of green aviation, civil aircraft will develop in a safer, more economical, more comfortable and more environmentally friendly direction. In terms of safety, from the material, design, manufacturing, testing and use of the whole process of consideration, and constantly improve the minimum airworthiness requirements; through the use of lightweight materials and integrated comprehensive design, to carry out full-life economic assessment, reduce security costs and other strategies to effectively improve the economy. The application of composite materials continues to promote the lightweight, low-cost and green environmental protection of vehicles, high-performance composite materials such as carbon fiber are replacing traditional materials, and the proportion of composite materials used in automotive structural parts is increasing. New energy vehicles significantly reduce the quality of the car body through the application of carbon fiber composite materials, and together with new technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage, new energy vehicles can improve their endurance. Integrated composite components are an important support for the improvement of the overall performance of aviation and aerospace vehicles, and their development strategies have received more and more attention. With the continuous advancement of offshore oil and gas development in the world, offshore engineering equipment materials for offshore oil and gas development are becoming an important part of the marine high-end equipment manufacturing industry. The development trend of large-scale, large-depth, long-period, whole sea area and multi-function of marine observation and detection equipment requires high strength and toughness titanium alloys to break through large-scale preparation technology and high-robustness welding technology, and non-metallic structural materials need to further develop defect control technology.

The deep integration of new (V) materials with other disciplines and fields

The deep integration of new materials with other disciplines and fields has become a new feature of the development of new materials industry.The combination of perovskite materials and organic materials has given rise to promising new solar cells, which have proved to have transformative applications in various application scenarios and are gradually moving towards large-scale commercialization. Smart materials combined with additive manufacturing form4DPrinting technology; organic composite materials, bioactive materials and clinical medicine were combined to produce and develop“Electronic Skin”, tissue regeneration engineering; carbon fiber composite materials have been used in aviation, aerospace and advanced transportation; compound semiconductor materials have enabled terahertz technology to be applied in environmental monitoring, medical treatment, and counter-terrorism; metamaterials combine microstructures with advanced materials in electromagnetic and The optical field has achieved remarkable results; flexible electronic materials, new energy materials, and biomedical materials have broad market application prospects; research on spintronics materials, iron-based and new superconducting materials is in the ascendant. Resistive change, phase change and magnetic storage materials will change the traditional semiconductor memory. Fullerene, graphene and carbon nanotubes have opened up space for the development of carbon-based materials, especially the successful exfoliation of graphene has triggered a research upsurge in two-dimensional materials such as molybdenum disulfide, single-layer tin, black phosphorus, silicon ene and germanium ene. Material genetic engineering organically integrates material efficient computing design, advanced experimental technology, big data, artificial intelligence and other cutting-edge technologies, which is conducive to accelerating the reform of R & D mode. It is of great significance to improve R & D efficiency, reduce R & D costs and meet the growing demand for high-performance new materials.

In general, the current development of new materials presents new features such as structural and functional integration, material and device integration, high purity, nanocrystallization, compounding, green preparation and use processes, etc., in high-speed aircraft, micro-nano electromechanical systems, New medicine, advanced cosmetics and new energy batteries have broad application prospects.

Development Status and Existing Problems of China's New Material Industry in 3.

(I) development status

In recent years, based on the advantages of resources and the foundation of development, China's new material industry has promoted the first use of materials and the combination of production and use, and made great efforts to build enterprises as the main body, universities and scientific research institutions as the support,“production-study-research application”A new development system for collaborative promotion.Promote the high-quality development of the new material industry driven by innovation, maintain sustained growth in economic indicators, significantly improve the level of economic benefits, significantly improve the overall technical level, rapid growth of high-quality enterprises, gradually improve the new material industry system, and continue to enhance international competitiveness.

1.Steady growth of industrial scale

In recent years, China's new material industry has developed vigorously, and the industrial output value has changed from2012about the year.1trillion yuan increased2022of the year6.8Trillion yuan, expected2025The year will reach10trillion yuan. my country's output of more than 100 materials such as advanced energy storage materials, photovoltaic materials, superhard materials, and new display materials ranks first in the world. It has successively cultivated carbon fiber, wind power blades, automotive lightweight composite materials, electronic display glass, graphene, etc. Industries with an output value of more than 10 billion yuan, and several industries with an output value of more than 1 billion yuan, such as UHV ceramic insulators, sapphire substrates, scintillation crystals, and aerogels. China's top three glass fiber enterprises glass fiber production accounted for the world's output.50%Above, new materials such as high-strength glass fiber, high-modulus glass fiber, electronic-grade glass fiber, low-dielectric glass fiber, and high-silica glass fiber have been industrialized. Rare earth functional materials, advanced energy storage materials, photovoltaic materials, organic silicon, superhard materials, special stainless steel, glass fiber and its composite materials have strongly supported the development of the national economy and the construction of major projects.

2.Technological innovation capability is greatly improved

The investment intensity of new material research and development in China is determined2012of the year0.62%raised2021of the year1%The number of scientific papers and invention patents ranks first in the world.300The remaining materials and technologies received national science and technology awards and were built.170More than state key laboratories and engineering (technology) research centers,26National new materials key platform. Key materials continue to make innovative breakthroughs. For the first time, a new metastable structure in very fine-grained polycrystalline copper that can maintain the high-temperature strength of the metal has been discovered,N36The independent research and development of a number of typical materials such as zirconium alloy has successfully solved the problem of zirconium production that restricts the development of nuclear power, the field of superconducting materials has full-process production capacity, and the research of ordered mesoporous polymers and carbon materials has achieved international leadership,C919A number of new materials such as aluminum alloy thick plates, special engineering plastics and electronic chemicals are used in passenger planes to achieve engineering applications. Apply“Day and No.”A number of independently developed new materials, such as composite materials for the main structural parts of the core module of the space station, have effectively guaranteed the implementation of major equipment and major projects such as aviation, aerospace, information and communication. At the same time, China is actively exploring new state regulation, developing high-efficiency, low-energy, multi-functional prototype devices, laying a scientific foundation for future disruptive technological innovations such as low-energy computer chips, non-destructive power transmission, topological quantum computers, environmentally friendly thermoelectric, magnetoelectric materials and devices, and looking ahead to lay out future industries.

3.Enterprise strength is growing

As2021In the year, China has cultivated and formed a material-based“single champion”Enterprise196Home,“Specialized Special New Little Giant”Enterprise998The overall strength has grown steadily and the international competitiveness has continued to increase. At present, China has initially formed an industrial system of upstream and downstream coordinated development in the fields of magnesium-based new materials, new chemical materials, new display materials, functional polymer materials, new energy battery materials, high-performance magnetic materials and so on. Many new material products have international leading advantages. China's new materials enterprises through independent research and development, effective service of national major projects. China's self-developed composite main structural parts have been successfully applied in China.“Day and No.”The propulsion subsystem and power supply system of the core module of the space station; the self-developed large-size silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material has been successfully applied to a number of satellite models, achieving application breakthroughs and independent support in the field of space remote sensing satellites; the self-developed cadmium telluride power generation glass has been successfully applied to major projects such as the Beijing Winter Olympics short track speed skating hall.

4.industrial agglomeration situation is good

The spatial layout of new materials in my country has been increasingly optimized, the effect of industrial agglomeration has gradually become prominent, and industrial clusters have gradually become large-scale, forming new material industry clusters represented by the Bohai Rim, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta; the new material field has cultivated4advanced manufacturing clusters,14strategic emerging industrial clusters,19innovative industrial clusters,96A new industrial demonstration base. Shenzhen has the largest domestic advanced battery materials industry cluster with a relatively complete industrial chain, gathering power battery positive/Representative domestic and foreign enterprises in the fields of anode materials, electrolytes and diaphragms, the annual output value of cluster leading industries exceeds 100 billion yuan, and the total output value of cluster industries accounts for more than the proportion of the corresponding industries in the country.70%. Ningbo is at the leading level in the field of rare earth magnetic materials and new chemical materials, forming an industrial cluster with domestic influence, and the output of rare earth magnetic materials accounts for the whole country.40%, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, acrylonitrile-Butadiene-The output of new chemical materials such as styrene copolymer and polypropylene resin ranks first in the country. Around the nanotechnology application industry, Suzhou has formed a whole industry chain nanomaterial industry cluster from equipment, raw materials, preparation, process, integration to application, and the output value of nanotechnology application industry has broken through.1000billion yuan, becoming one of the world's eight largest nano industry clusters.

5.New materials industry support leading role highlighted

As the forerunner of the materials industry, new materials play an important supporting and leading role in promoting technological innovation, promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and ensuring national security. Our country has been in the basic type (T300Grade) carbon fiber development, engineering and key technologies for aerospace applications, wet high-strength (T700GGrade) key technologies for the development and engineering of carbon fiber, high-strength medium model (T800HA series of breakthroughs have been made in the engineering of carbon fiber and its application of key technologies, which have strongly supported the construction of China's satellite platforms, carrier rockets, large aircraft, weapons, ships and other major national equipment.8.5GenerationTFT-LCDThe glass float production line and the lithium aluminum silicon glass industrialization production line have broken the long-term monopoly of foreign enterprises in the field of high quality electronic display glass. Cerium magnets with completely independent intellectual property rights in China have been widely used in various motors in the fields of robots, high-end machine tools, medical equipment, energy-saving household appliances and electric bicycles, with an annual output of more6 x 10⁴ tThe scale accounts for about the entire rare earth permanent magnet industry.1/3.

(II) problems

Although my country attaches great importance to the development of the new material industry and has initially established an industrial system with a relatively complete range of varieties, it still faces problems such as uneven advanced basic materials, key strategic materials being controlled by others, and cutting-edge new material technologies that need to be broken through,It is urgent to improve the original innovation ability, strengthen the independent control of key core technologies, and deeply integrate the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, talent chain and security guarantee.

1.Part of the basic raw materials rely on imports, a serious threat to the safety of the new material industry chain.

The intensification of the game between major powers and the persistence of regional conflicts have severely impacted the global economic order and political relations, and the world's technological competition pattern is changing. In the fields involving economic and social development, national defense equipment construction and people's well-being improvement, some new materials“stuck neck”The problem is becoming increasingly apparent. China's semiconductor materials field still has weak technical foundation and weak links in the industrial chain. Key raw and auxiliary materials such as high-purity synthetic quartz for photomasks, photomask substrates, photomask protective films, resins, monomers, additives for lithography materials, key raw materials used in the production of functional chemicals, electronic-grade chemicals, analytical and testing instruments and packaging materials, nano-scale abrasive materials for chemical mechanical polishing fluids, and raw materials for polishing pads, target materials with ultra-high purity raw materials ingots, packaging materials of high-end raw materials, gas supporting related facilities pipes, valves, packaging bottles, etc. still rely on imports. The high-performance ceramic powder industry for the preparation of advanced structural and functional integrated ceramic materials has long been monopolized by companies in Japan, Europe, and the United States. my country's high-performance nitride ceramic powders, such as silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride and other powders, rely heavily on foreign imports. Although key technologies are being tackled in China and related products are already available, there is still a long way to go before real industrialization. distance.

2.Part of the core equipment has not yet achieved independent control, industrial development risks

The important reason why China's core equipment is controlled by others is the disconnection between R & D and production, the insufficient research on the interdisciplinary integration of materials, technology and equipment, and the lack of attention to the problems of process and equipment. There is a significant gap between China's carbon fiber production equipment and foreign countries, lack of independent design and manufacturing capacity of equipment, and rely heavily on foreign imports, such as the carbonization furnace and high-temperature graphitization furnace necessary for the production of high-quality carbon fiber, mainly from the United States Harper International Company and Germany's Sigelia Carbon Company. The main reasons for the shortage of equipment are as follows: first, the lack of excellent simulation and design personnel, the relative lack of industrialization experience, coupled with the blockade of foreign technology, resulting in China's long-term backwardness in independent design of equipment; second, the three-dimensional structural design software in China's core industrial fields, such as mechanical field, temperature field and flow field simulation software, generally rely on imports; third, there is still an obvious difference between China's basic industry and Germany, Japan and other countries, which directly leads to an obvious gap between the manufacturing scale, process, precision, assembly scale and precision of carbon fiber equipment or core components, and the maintenance level is higher than the international first-class level. Fourth, there is an obvious gap between the quality of materials and those of powerful equipment countries, such as graphite heating body materials, graphite electrode materials and furnace liner materials of low-temperature carbonization furnaces.

3.The self-sufficiency rate of high-end products is not high, and the independent guarantee ability of high-end applications is insufficient.

Lack of original innovation ability, hollowing out of core technology, large-scale professional talent team and lack of intellectual property (core technology) reserve, resulting in low self-sufficiency rate of high-end products. China's main rare earth functional materials industry scale in the forefront of the world,“Big but not strong”The problem is still more prominent, especially in the automotive, electronics, new energy and other fields of high-end rare earth functional materials required by foreign monopoly. Some key technologies in the industry come from abroad, such as quick coagulation, hydrogen crushing, dysprosium infiltration and other key technologies in the production process of rare earth permanent magnets mainly come from Japan. Targeted air flow grinding technology, sintered NdFeB consistency, intelligent production equipment and technology, hot pressing magnet industrialization technology and high performance index NdFeB magnet, samarium cobalt magnet, etc. are still mastered by Japan, Europe, the United States and other countries and regions.

4.Disconnection between basic research and application, lagging progress in industrialization

Although some progress has been made in the basic research of new materials in some fields, and it is in a leading position in the number of research papers and patents, the basic research and application are out of touch, and the conversion efficiency of scientific research results from samples to products to commodities is low, and the industrialization ability is insufficient. As a result, the market is occupied by foreign enterprises. Universities, scientific research institutes and enterprises are separated in the system, the communication and cooperation are not sufficient, and the scientific research achievements are lack of timely and effective transformation and realization“industry-university-research”A sound mechanism for collaboration. The research results of universities and research institutes often only stay in the laboratory work stage, without the small-scale test and mass production verification of products, and the research and development of enterprises is not deep enough due to the lack of experimental analysis equipment. In terms of hot-pressed magnet materials, China's hot-pressed magnet anisotropy theory, orientation technology, grain boundary diffusion to improve magnet coercivity, non-heavy rare earth high coercivity hot-pressed magnet research and development, magnet microstructure regulation, hot-pressed magnet service performance research,“Hydrogenation‒disproportionation‒dehydrogenation‒Composite”The research and development of hot pressing magnets, magnetization mechanism and coercive force mechanism, and new preparation technology research and development have been at the world's advanced level, but the industrialization is very slow. In contrast, the United States and Japan have taken the lead in the industrial production and commercial application of hot-pressed magnets, such as the United States.MagnequenchThe company mainly producesMQ3Magnets, Japan's Datong Electronics Co., Ltd. has developed from the development and improvement of preparation technology to the improvement of magnet grain boundary diffusion process and performance improvement.

5.Inadequate market cultivation and failure of products to be applied on a large scale

Application and market are the necessary links for new materials to realize value transformation, and provide indispensable traction for their development. The research and development, application and market cultivation of some new materials in China have not achieved synchronous development, and there are problems such as lagging development of applied technology and ineffective market cultivation, resulting in the failure of large-scale application of products. At present, the scale of China's display industry has ranked first in the world, but the localization rate of display materials is insufficient.30%where critical materials are insufficient5%. The main reason for the high difficulty in industrialization and popularization and application of display materials is that there is a great process difficulty in moving from small-scale research and development to mass production. In terms of mass production technology, mass production equipment and other technologies, domestic manufacturers need to further increase investment, overcome key technical and technological problems, and break through a series of key engineering technologies as soon as possible. Due to the low trust of domestic materials in the industry for a long time, the verification cycle of entering the panel production line is longer.

6.Part of the field“Small, miscellaneous and scattered”Prominent problems, industry concentration is not high

The development model of new materials in the United States, Europe and other countries and regions relies on the assembly of large or giant production enterprises to occupy the absolute dominant position in the industry and market;“Small, miscellaneous and scattered”The problem is prominent, it is difficult to match the international giants in the same industry, and the market competitiveness is not strong. For example, in the field of electronic ceramic materials, the total output value of many backbone enterprises engaged in the production of chip components in China is less than that of Tokyo Electric Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. In terms of piezoelectric ceramic products, there are a large number of piezoelectric ceramic companies in my country. Among them, the larger companies include Suzhou Pante Diantao Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong Jiecheng Kechuang Electronics Co., Ltd., etc., although they can produce some high-end piezoelectric Ceramic products, such as multilayer piezoelectric ceramic drivers, multilayer piezoelectric transformers, multilayer piezoelectric microspeakers and piezoelectric micromotors, etc.; but most companies are small and medium-sized enterprises, and the product structure is mainly low-end products, such as ignition, buzzer and a small number of filters, transducers and so on. Although China has made a number of technological achievements with independent intellectual property rights in the research and development of piezoelectric ceramics for many years, from the current overall situation of the industry, the market competitiveness and industrial technology level need to be improved, and the product structure needs to be upgraded.

7.Standards and evaluation system are not perfect, it is difficult to effectively support the development of technology

A sound comprehensive material performance testing and application technology evaluation system is the cornerstone of continuous support for technology and industry development, and a unified, scientific and standardized standard system is the basis for the interaction between upstream and downstream of the industry, and is the key to reduce product costs and improve research and development efficiency. However, the application of some new materials in China started late, the evaluation standard system is not yet perfect, and some key testing equipment and technologies are not fully autonomous and controllable, resulting in the obstruction of the benign development channel of the industry. In addition, the lack of voice in the international market in most industries has led to limited international recognition of products and technical standards in some industries, making it difficult to enhance the international competitiveness of products. Taking ion exchange membrane as an example, there is no national standard in China, the basic performance of the product is tested, and there are no unified supporting standards for the size of the electrodialysis membrane stack, grid, gasket, etc., which greatly limits the development of the ion exchange membrane industry.

4. a new material development system for emerging and future industries

The global science and technology and industrial competition pattern is being reshaped at an accelerated pace, with forward-looking predictions of cutting-edge and disruptive technologies, and planning for the layout of emerging industries and future industrial development becoming the key to building new competitive advantages for the country.“Outline of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan”It is clearly stated in brain-like intelligence, quantum information, genetic technology, future networks,“Deep Sea Sky”Development, hydrogen energy and energy storage and other cutting-edge technology and industrial change areas, organize the implementation of future industry incubation and acceleration plan, plan the layout of a number of future industries. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Anhui and other provinces have planned ahead of time for future industries or leading industries, ahead of the layout of blockchain, terahertz, quantum communications and other future industrial chains, forward-looking layout of quantum information, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, satellite Internet, robots and other future industries, the implementation of future industry cultivation projects. In addition, our country is deploying and promoting“Industrial Rejuvenation Action of Central Enterprises”“Future industry sailing action”, focusing on the new generation of mobile communications, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new materials, etc.15the direction of key industrial areas, to promote the central enterprises to speed up the layout and development of emerging industries and future industries. Visible,The development and expansion of emerging industries and the forward-looking layout of future industries are important measures to build a modern industrial system, cultivate new kinetic energy for development, and promote high-quality economic development. It is a strategic measure to face new international relations and grasp the initiative of industrial development.“fourteen five”The key to the new competitive advantage of the period.

New materials are the foundation of the real economy, the basic industry supporting the development of the national economy and the key field to win international competitive advantage. Emerging industries and future industries have the characteristics of active innovation, technology-intensive, and broad development prospects, which are related to the overall situation of national economic and social development and industrial structure optimization and upgrading. The new material industry plays a fundamental and leading role in promoting the development of new industries. It is important to select key new material fields that support emerging industries and future development needs, create an environment suitable for industrial development, promote the upgrading of industrial structure, and form a good industrial ecology. significance. To this end, the following aspects should be cultivated and forward-looking layout for the future of the new material industry.

(I) new materials for the development of emerging industries

1.Key Materials for Integrated Circuits

The development focus of my country's integrated circuit key material industry is to fill the gaps in the domestic industry, and it is necessary to increase efforts to make up for shortcomings and ensure the safety and stability of the supply chain of the integrated circuit manufacturing industry.Key layout coverage130 ~ 90 nm,90 ~ 28 nmThe development of a variety of key materials for advanced logic products for technology nodes, wafer manufacturing packages for advanced memory, and advanced packaging packages, including193 nmImmersion photoresist and its supporting anti-reflective materials and special reagents, advanced logic process and advanced storage precursor series products, high-end process polishing liquid and polishing pad, special alloy target materials and advanced packaging materials. Fill the domestic gap, vigorously improve the technical level of large-scale industries, increase the coverage of product varieties, strengthen the construction of product quality, service, and supporting support capabilities, enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the industry, and increase product market share; deploy development20 ~ 14 nm,14 ~ 7 nmand its following technology generation logic products and advanced memory demand key products, laying the foundation for products to enter the high-end market. Step up the layout beyond“Moore's Law”Related fields, to promote the development of carbon-based integrated circuit characteristic process materials. Build a technologically advanced, safe and reliable industrial system in the field of key materials for integrated circuits, and play a supporting role in the integrated circuit industry.

2.information function ceramic material

The development of communication technology puts forward the technical requirements of high frequency broadband and ultra-low power consumption for new microwave filter devices, and puts forward new challenges to the structure and broadband design principles of micro-filter devices, ultra-low power consumption implementation methods and device processing and testing technologies. It is necessary to develop high frequency and low power consumption design principles, integrated manufacturing and correction fine-tuning technologies, and device testing and evaluation methods for new microwave dielectric filter devices.Concentrate on the development of low, medium and high dielectric constant low temperature co-fired ceramic dielectric materials with excellent dielectric properties and suitable for the application of a new generation of passive integrated components; solve key common problems such as process matching of heterogeneous materials in device integration and stability under external fields, and obtain material structures. ‒Process‒electrical properties‒The service characteristic optimization approach promotes the preparation of low-cost, high-performance passive integrated devices with dielectric materials, and explores the design, preparation and integration technology of new passive devices based on autonomous dielectric materials for the application of new generation wireless communication and wearable electronic systems. Adopt the combination of basic research and application development of materials, adhere to the material.‒Device‒The research route of process integration encourages close cooperation between scientific research units and production enterprises to carry out collaborative innovation research work.

3.Advanced Energy Materials

Green development, energy cost and other issues have become the core issues of economic and social development. Energy strategy is closely related to various fields, industries, links and market entities.Around different energy conversion, storage methods and principles, advanced energy materials need to focus on the development of fuel cell materials, thermoelectric materials, supercapacitor materials, solid lithium materials, biomass energy materials, photoelectric materials and nano energy materials. Accelerate the industrialization of new materials and components for hydrogen fuel cells, further promote the industrialization of the bismuth antimonide thermoelectric material system, and develop positive materials with excellent comprehensive performance./Key supercapacitor materials such as anode materials, functional electrolytes and diaphragms break through the problems of solid-state battery materials in terms of conductivity, cost and mass production, accelerate the industrialization of clean preparation and high-value utilization technology of biomass liquid fuels, solve the problem of conversion efficiency decline caused by mass production of new photovoltaic materials, and realize the application of nanogenerators in important fields such as human-computer interaction, intelligent medical treatment and bionic intelligent devices.

4.New display materials

In order to improve the localization rate of display core materials, explore new device structures, cultivate new materials, information systems leading enterprises, to achieve.“lane change overtaking”, leading the development of the industry as the goal, to overcome a number of key materials and technologies to improve display performance.Specifically include: the development of organic light-emitting diodes/Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (OLED/QLED) Printed display materials and devices, laser display materials and devices, micro-light-emitting diodes (MicroLED) Display materials and devices, light field display materials and technologies; To overcome a number of portable mobile display problems, such as low power consumption, driving technology, next generation mobile communication technology, artificial intelligence system aggregation technology; To overcome a number of large-scale manufacturing problems and study flexible manufacturing technology; To take the new generation of high visual dimension light field display demand as the traction, to materials, devices, modules, algorithms, the whole chain of the overall coordination and synchronous development as the research and development ideas, to promote the whole industry innovation (NanoLED) Display core materials and key technologies to form a first-mover advantage and seize the commanding heights of future display technology and industry.

5.Biomedical Materials

With the rapid development of biomedical materials, some high-end biomaterials and medical device products are emerging in China.China's series of bone-induced artificial bone represented by medical hydroxyapatite ceramic materials, hydroxyapatite coating and hydroxyapatite nanomaterials with bone tumor and osteoporosis treatment functions, bioabsorbable materials and instruments for the treatment of congenital heart disease and coronary heart disease, cardiovascular system repair based on recombinant humanized collagen, orthopedics, dentistry, dermatology, obstetrics and gynecology materials and equipment products, and additive manufacturing materials and products, at the forefront of international development. Comprehensively promote the research and development and production of related materials, develop a series of medical products, establish a complete regulatory system, carry out clinical application technology research and development and clinical application promotion, maintain the technological leadership of my country's original innovative products and develop the international market, and seize the commanding heights of international standards, Promoting products to go international is the key to future development.

6.bio-based materials

As an important part of emerging industries, bio-based materials have gained widespread attention. At present, in the field of bio-based materials, China is still facing many challenges in terms of raw materials, core technology and industrial development.“Follow and run.”Phase.The biomaterials industry is facing challenges such as a slight lack of basic key technologies and industrial competitiveness, insufficient industrialization of key or important products, and low market recognition. The future development focus is to realize the biological production and application of basic chemical products based on starch sugar and other raw materials, and to promote bio-based polyester, bio-based polyurethane, bio-based polyester amide, bio-based nylon, bio-based epoxy resin, bio-based rubber, bio-based/The chain, agglomeration and large-scale development of bio-based materials such as polymers, bio-based dielectric energy storage materials, bio-based material additives, etc.

7.Advanced Structures and Composites

Guided by the major needs of the country, with the goal of conquering key core technologies, obtaining independent intellectual property rights and engineering applications, solving major scientific problems in material design and structural regulation, breaking through the bottleneck technology of structural and composite material preparation and application, and realizing the independent development of advanced structural and composite material technology.Development of new structural materials based on cross-scale multi-dimensional structural regulation, high-performance polymers and their composites, high-temperature corrosion-resistant structural materials, lightweight new high-strength materials, structural ceramics and their composites, major engineering structural materials, additive manufacturing materials and major technological breakthroughs, and a number of common bottleneck technologies such as material microstructure regulation, ultra-strong and tough, extreme preparation and service have reached the world's advanced level; the formation of a world-class advanced structure and composite backbone new material research and development and industrial system, structure and composite material innovation capabilities into the international forefront, major equipment with high-end structure and composite materials can be independently guaranteed, strategic competition in the field of key core structural materials to achieve independent control.

8.rare earth materials

Closely around the national strategic needs, combined with the future of intelligent robots, smart cities, deep space./Deep-sea development, big data and human-computer interaction and other application scenarios, focusing on engineering and industrialization key technology research, focusing on breakthroughs in rare earth permanent magnet materials, rare earth luminescent materials, rare earth catalytic materials, rare earth crystal materials, high-purity rare earth metals and target materials, such as the core preparation technology, intelligent production equipment, special testing instruments and their application technology.; through the synchronous innovation of the whole industry chain, promote the promotion and implementation of advanced achievements, ensure the demand for key materials in strategic emerging industries, national defense and military industry, intelligent manufacturing, etc., and finally realize the independent supply of high-end applied rare earth functional materials; carry out cutting-edge basic theories and experiments Research, through in-depth exploration and accumulation of scientific issues, put forward more original theories and original discoveries, and obtain a batch of new rare earth materials and original results; realize China's strategic transformation from a rare earth power to a rare earth power, and lead the future development of rare earth technology and industry.

9.superconducting material

Superconducting technology is21The high and new technology with strategic significance in the 21st century has important application value and application prospect in the fields of energy, medical treatment, transportation, scientific research and national defense and military industry.By“production-study-research application”Jointly tackle key problems, realize the upgrading of my country's low-temperature superconducting material industry, break through the key technologies for the batch preparation of high-temperature superconducting materials, develop superconducting electrical equipment for power, energy, medical and national defense applications, and realize superconducting materials and superconductivity The coordinated development and large-scale application of high-voltage and superconducting weak current products have generally reached the international advanced level, and a strategic emerging industry based on superconducting materials and their application technologies has been created and formed.

(II) new materials for future industrial layout

1.atomic manufacturing technology

Atomic manufacturing technology is based on atomic-level quantum physics, with atomic-level functional elements as the core, and the manufacturing technology of materials and devices carried out at the material limit level. It will be used in logic, storage, sensing, superconductivity, catalysis, energy storage and In the fields of optoelectronics, it has spawned major applications and significantly promoted multidisciplinary cross-integration and technological development.In the future, we will focus on the development of new theories and concepts at the forefront of atomic elementary design and its material device manufacturing, molecular elementary design and its microsystem assembly manufacturing, elementary system and large-scale device manufacturing, precise control of atomic quantum states and its device manufacturing, and atomic manufacturing.

2.Silicon-based multi-material system fusion integration

silicon-based integrated optoelectronic devices/The important research directions of the module are:Build a hybrid integrated process platform of silicon and advanced optoelectronic materials, give full play to the ultra-large-scale and ultra-high-precision manufacturing characteristics of integrated circuit technology, combine the advantages of optoelectronic characteristics of various materials, and achieve a breakthrough in high-performance hybrid optoelectronic integrated chip preparation technology.

3.carbon nanotube micro-nano electronic materials

Carbon nanotubes have high carrier mobility, can be used in the manufacture of RF devices, improve the cut-off frequency and maximum oscillation frequency of RF devices, and are expected to be used in space communications, high-speed radio links, vehicle radar and chip-to-chip communication applications. Coupled nano-oscillator.The bending resistance of carbon nanotubes makes it applicable to the manufacture of flexible and transparent electronic devices, which promotes the performance improvement of display devices. With the progress of technology, the application scenarios of carbon-based semiconductors will be increasingly diversified, the future application of carbon nanotube materials in the field of micro-electronics also need to focus on carbon nanotube preparation, device stability, performance and integration and other issues, the establishment of nano-electronic devices with carbon nanotube material standards, characterization methods, process flow.

4.ultra-wide band gap semiconductor materials

China's ultra-wide band gap semiconductor materials are at the forefront of research, the preparation of high quality, large-size substrate materials is the focus of recent technological breakthroughs.Epitaxial materials grown on high quality substrates will become the basis of device preparation, and overcoming the technical difficulties of the device preparation process will provide the possibility for the wide application of ultra-wide band gap semiconductors. A series of problems such as large band gap width of ultra-wide band gap semiconductor materials, high difficulty in single crystal preparation, high difficulty in efficient doping, and difficulty in regulating device contact performance have become the resistance of ultra-wide band gap semiconductor applications, which has brought great challenges to the development of ultra-wide band gap semiconductors. In the future, it is necessary to focus on the development of high quality and large-size substrate material preparation capabilities, the development of independent intellectual property rights, stable and efficient single crystal growth and processing technology, the formation of single crystal growth, defect control, substrate processing technology and other ultra-wide band gap material patent pool, reserve relevant technical personnel, breakthrough large-size, high-performance single crystal substrate industrialization technology.

5.Metamaterials

Typical metamaterials such as left-handed materials,“cloak of invisibility”A variety of electromagnetic metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials, acoustic metamaterials, thermal metamaterials and new materials based on the fusion of metamaterials and regular materials have emerged one after another, forming an important growth point for new materials.Facing the future industrial development, optical superlens technology, metamaterial electromagnetic stealth technology, metamaterial antenna technology and metamaterial all-optical switch technology should be laid out in advance to promote the research of metamaterial damping technology and its application in precision machinery and major projects, and to develop new metamaterials for sonar, noise suppression and acoustic information technology, and new metamaterials for thermal energy utilization and conversion, thermal management and other fields.

6.liquid metal

The basic research on the application of liquid metal has developed into a major scientific and technological frontier and hot spot that has attracted wide international attention, bringing subversive solutions and means of realization for many industries. it has brought changes to the development of technologies in the fields of energy, thermal control, electronic information, advanced manufacturing, national defense and military affairs, flexible intelligent robots and biomedical health.In the future, the field also needs to focus on the development of liquid metal electronic paste, liquid metal thermal interface materials, liquid metal phase change materials, liquid metal conductive adhesive, liquid metal magnetic fluid, liquid metal low temperature solder and other functional materials; research and development of cutting-edge medical technologies such as liquid metal tumor vascular embolization preparation and treatment technology, liquid metal nerve connection and repair technology, liquid metal high-resolution angiography, liquid metal internal and external bone technology and injection electronics, liquid metal skin electronic technology, alkali metal fluid tumor ablation treatment technology, and a series of innovative medical device products.

7.high-entropy alloy

High-entropy alloys break the traditional alloy design concept based on mixed enthalpy, and open up a broad composition design space for the research and development of new materials.High entropy alloys can be applied in many key fields such as national defense, aviation and aerospace. It is of great strategic significance to develop and promote new high entropy alloy materials with independent intellectual property rights. The focus of the development of high entropy alloy includes light high entropy alloy, high temperature resistant refractory high entropy alloy, corrosion resistant high entropy alloy, irradiation resistant high entropy alloy, biomedical high entropy alloy, eutectic high entropy alloy, wear resistant high entropy alloy, hydrogen storage high entropy alloy, catalytic high entropy alloy, soft magnetic high entropy alloy, etc. Facing the future application scenarios and potential key application directions, carry out practical application verification; According to the service requirements under extreme environmental conditions such as national defense equipment application, aviation and aerospace, special high-performance high-entropy alloys are developed. Develop new equipment high-entropy alloy structural materials with excellent comprehensive performance under wide temperature range working conditions, and realize the international strategic leadership of high-entropy alloy.

5. countermeasures and suggestions

Cultivating and developing the new material industry needed by emerging industries and future industries is an important path to grasp the world's scientific and technological development trend, aim at the long-term direction of industrial development, and promote the development of manufacturing industry in the direction of intelligence, digitization, ecology and internationalization. it is an important basis for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.On the basis of clarifying the development needs of emerging industries and future industries for new materials, apply industrial ecosystem thinking, accelerate the improvement of the basic technology level of the new material industry and the modernization level of the industrial chain, and give full play to the institutional advantages of the new national system and the advantages of the super-large-scale market, Adhere to application traction, problem orientation, adhere to the combination of government guidance and market mechanism, adhere to the promotion of independence and open cooperation, and promote high-quality development of the new materials industry.

(I) focus on building a solid foundation for the development of new materials industry

First, strengthen the infrastructure construction of new materials industryAccelerate the development of major infrastructure for new materials, common technology platforms, inspection and testing, and quality certification.The second is to strengthen the core technology of new materialsTo form a virtuous circle in which basic research on materials drives technological breakthroughs in the application of new materials, technology leads industrial development, and industry promotes technological innovation.Three is to strengthen the training of new materials professionalsWe will further promote the integration of production and education, establish a number of professional training bases, optimize the specialty setting of colleges and universities, and strengthen the discipline construction in the field of new materials in the future industry.

(II) focus on improving the level of new material industry chain

One is to cultivate and expand a number of new materials enterprises needed by emerging industries and future industries.We will promote the clustering, ecological and integrated development of the new material industry, and take the lead in cultivating and forming a number of leading enterprises facing the future industrial ecology in the field of new material industry.The second is to build an independent innovation, safe and efficient new material industry chain system.In view of the short board problems existing in the development of China's new material industry chain and supply chain, we will solidly promote the work of stabilizing the chain, supplementing the chain and strengthening the chain, and strive to build a new development pattern with the domestic large cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycle promoting each other.The third is to deepen the integration and development of the new material industry chain at home and abroad.Break down the institutional and institutional barriers to deep integration into the global industrial chain and realize the new materials industry.“Go out.”“bring in”organic combination.

(III) to Create a Good Ecological Environment for Industrial Development

The first is to coordinate the role of the new national system and market mechanism.Adhere to independent innovation, collaborative innovation, open innovation, grasp the big and let go of the small, focus on the key links, key areas, and key products of the new material industry, and avoid“fragmentation”Development has led to the dispersion of leading talents, repeated construction of production lines and waste of resources.The second is to take advantage of the synergy of the system to combine new material production enterprises and application enterprises to accelerate the iteration of new material technology.To meet the needs of devices and complete machines to continuously improve performance.Third, the establishment of new materials science and technology fund, joint society, government, enterprises to invest in the material industry chain with large investment, long cycle.Cultivate a batch of new materials for emerging industries and future industries“High precision and new”Enterprise.

(IV) Improving Supporting Policies for Industrial Development

First, speed up and improve the policy and legal system that is conducive to promoting the technological progress of the new material industry.To formulate new materials industry development guidance catalogues and investment guidelines for emerging industries and future industries that urgently need to be developed to prevent the emergence“investment fragmentation”.The second is to guide the allocation of financial resources and provide long-term, stable and sufficient sources of funds for key areas of new materials involving emerging industries and future industries.To give full play to the guiding role of the government equity investment guidance fund, and improve the financing mode of scientific and technological innovation from experimental research of new materials, pilot test to the whole process of production.Three is to continue to expand new materials“First batch”insurance compensation mechanisms, addressing“Good material dare not use”The worries.